
Trump’s Proposed Tax on Remittances: Bangladesh’s Crisis and the Road to Resilience
Progga Das
Remittance is the most stable, consistent, and reliable flow of money in Bangladesh’s economy. When the country faces stagnation in the employment market, rising inflation, or remains trapped in cycles of low income, it is the hard-earned dollars of migrant workers in the Middle East, Europe, America, or Southeast Asia that uphold the economic backbone of the nation. The country’s foreign reserves, government budget framework, and even the supply of essential goods in the market rely heavily on the continuity of this financial inflow. Against this backdrop, the proposed 5% tax on remittances under U.S. President Donald Trump’s "One Big Beautiful Bill Act", which targets international money transfers by non-citizens, threatens to shake the economic foundation of countries like Bangladesh. This policy could impact nearly 300,000 Bangladeshi expatriates in the U.S and reduce the flow of remittances. This is not merely a domestic financial decision by the U.S, it effectively acts as a form of economic suffocation for developing nations like Bangladesh. Beyond causing a shortfall in foreign exchange, it risks destroying the dreams of countless families, dismantling livelihoods, and weakening the economic base of the entire country. Remittances are an indispensable part of Bangladesh’s economy. In the 2023–24 fiscal year, the country received approximately 21.5 billion dollar in remittances, accounting for around 6% of the GDP and forming a major portion of export earnings. In the first nine months of that fiscal year alone, about 3.94 billion dollar came from the United States, which is over 18% of total remittances. This money is essential for rural families’ daily expenses, education, healthcare, and small business investments. However, the proposed 5% tax would directly hit this vital flow. If such a tax is imposed on the income of expatriates, the amount of money they send home will likely decrease, severely impacting both the people and the economy of Bangladesh. The country is already grappling with a foreign reserve crisis reserves that stood at 48 billion dollar in 2022 have fallen to 20 billion dollar by May 2025. A further decline in remittances would accelerate this downward trend, making it even harder to cover import costs, repay foreign loans, and stabilize the currency. The devaluation of the taka would worsen, further inflating prices. Bangladesh’s inflation is already at an alarming level currently at 9.1%, the highest in over a decade. A reduction in remittances would worsen this situation, pushing up the prices of essential goods, reducing purchasing power, and increasing the cost of living for the general population. This would leave a deep scar in the everyday lives of ordinary citizens. Another grave consequence of this proposed tax would be the rise of hundi (illegal money transfer systems). Expatriates might prefer sending money via informal channels, as these are often cheaper. In 2024, around 8.27 billion dollar was funneled through hundi, and if this trend increases, it will further diminish the formal flow of foreign currency into Bangladesh. This would be a major economic blow. As remittances through official banking channels decrease, it will become increasingly difficult for Bangladesh Bank to manage the foreign currency crisis. This will also have long-term structural impacts on the economy. Ultimately, it may become impossible to meet import expenses, and economic stability will continue to deteriorate. Furthermore, the country may face widespread social unrest and instability, and the political situation could also become more volatile. Due to economic hardship, people may lose trust in the government. Protests, dissatisfaction, and political unrest could intensify, which would be detrimental to the country’s overall development. To overcome this crisis, the Bangladesh government and policymakers must act strategically and immediately. Remittance should no longer be treated as just an economic flow, but as a matter of strategic national importance. Diplomatic efforts must be initiated at the highest level with governments of countries where large numbers of Bangladeshis live and work especially the U.S. to highlight the humanitarian and economic repercussions of such a tax on the global stage. Simultaneously, Bangladesh must urgently diversify its labor markets. The country must reduce its overreliance on the Middle East and equip its skilled workforce to match labor demands in countries like Europe, Japan, and South Korea, where opportunities for labor agreements still exist. On the other hand, to prevent remittances from shifting to illegal channels, banking systems must be modernized and incentivized. Legal remittance senders should be offered rewards, exemptions, or benefits to encourage the use of official channels. In the long run, to reduce dependence on remittances, the country must take bold and practical steps to build up domestic productive sectors, diversify exports, and foster entrepreneurship-driven employment. No economy can survive solely on foreign income, this crisis has made that reality undeniable. Although remittance remains a vital pillar of Bangladesh’s economic progress, the current pressure highlights the urgent need to build a more resilient, diversified, and self-reliant economic structure. Skilled human resources, legal transfer mechanisms, strategic entry into new labor markets, and enhanced domestic production and exports must now be the priorities. In Bangladesh’s context, crisis often fuels its progress. What is required now is policy courage, national responsibility, and readiness to face global realities, so that not only is the momentum of growth maintained, but it accelerates, propelling Bangladesh toward becoming a truly strong and developed nation.
The writer is a student, department of Economics,Eden Mohila College
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