Dr. Mohammed Mahtab Hossain Mazed

Today is Friday. Blessed is the 3rd day of the month of Ramadan. 14 March 2025. English, 29 Falgun 1431 Bangla, 13 Ramadan 1446 Hijri. The topic of today's discussion- Sadakatul Fitr in Islam. Maha Ramadan is the full month of mercy, blessings, welfare and well -being. It is one of the deeds of the servants whose closeness to Allah is blessed during Ramadan.

Fitra or Fatra is the Arabic word, which is known as Zakatul Fitr (Fitr Zakat) or Sadakatul Fitr (Fitr Sadaka) in Islam. Fitr or Fatur refers to the morning food by which the fasting people break the fast.

Sadakatul Fitr is an important worship in the holy Maha Ramadan. This is the center of the holy Eid al -Fitr. Simply put, it is called 'Sadakatul Fitr' because of the Holy Eid al -Fitr. Verse 13 of Surah Al-A'ala states, "The one who has purified himself, has purified himself." .Because Hadith Sharif says, 'Rasulullah Salahu Alaihi Wasalam has made Sadkatul Fitr. So that all the mistakes of the fasting person can be purified and the poor people get food ”(Mishkat160 ). Fitra or Sadakatul Fitr is the prescribed Sadaka, which is to be offered before Eid prayers. It is also called Zakatul Fitr. In our area it is known as 'Fitra'. Fitr Fitr is a charity that becomes obligatory after Ramadan Mubarak's fast. Sadakatul Fitr has come to the hadeeth, the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "You should earn one sa 'wheat or one sa' palm or one sa 'barley between the two persons. This provision is obligatory on every slave, independent, small and large person. ” .For this reason, from the holy age of the Prophet (peace be upon him) till today, the Muslim Ummah has been regularly reciting Sadakatul Fitr like other basic practices and worship of Islam. In the morning of Eid, who will own the wealth of the nisab (seven and a half gold or a half -and -a -half -and -a -half silver or equivalent business), it is obligatory for him to collect the ribbon on behalf of his own and family.

History of Determination of Fitra:-

Islam is a humanitarian religionProvides the teaching of harmony and sympathy. This Sadakatul Fitra has been determined so that the rich and the poor can enjoy the Eid festival equally.

Fitra is basically fasting zakat. Just as Zakat purifies the goods, the Fitra also purifies the fast. In this regard, Ibn Abbas said: The Prophet (peace be upon him)Fitr has determined the fast to purify the fast from the use of vulgar words and obscene use and to give food in the face of the poor. (Source: Mashkat: Abu Dawood)

Waki ibn al -Zarrah said that the compensation of the Sajday Sahu is the compensation of the Sadakatul Fitr Rosa. According to the Islamic Shariah, the products can be paid through any one of the products of flour, barley, raisins, dates and cheeseFitra rate has dropped slightly this year compared to last year. The minimum feathers in 1446 Hijri were Tk 110 and a maximum of Tk 2,805. The flour collected from all sections of the country has been fixed on the basis of the market value of the flour, barley, dates, raisins and cheese. Muslims will be able to collect Sadakatul Fitr by any product or its market value of the products above.

1. Fitr Nisab is the same as Zakat Nisab. That is, if someone has seven and a half gold or a half -and -a -half -and -a -half silver cash or the additional assets of the equivalent of the equivalent, the additional wealth of the essential commodities will be obligatory on the day of Eid al -Fitr. (Fatahul Qadir 2/281) 2. The method of collecting Fitr in Sadaka is: If you are collected by wheat or flour, you have to pay two sir in half. And if you want to pay by palm, barley or raisins, one should be collected by a full one and a half more than three and a half. (Ruddul Muhtar 14/392)
3. If the price of Eid increases after the collection of Fitr in Sadak, then that additional price should be collected. (Fatwa Mahmudia 14/392)
4. It is better to perform Fitr or Fatra in the morning before going to Eid prayers on the morning of Eid al -Fitr. However, before that time, that is, Ramadan can be collected. It is Mustahab to collect the ribs before the Eid -ul -Fitr on Eid -ul -Fitr. However, it will be collected later. (Fatawa Mahmudia: 14/383)
5. Due to the differences in the place when collecting Fitr in Sadak, the price difference is not acceptable. (Fatwa Mahmudia: 1/374)
6. It is obligatory to collect Fitr on his behalf on his behalf and to collect from his own minor child. Yes, it is obligatory to collect the child if the child is mad. (Fatwa Mahmudia 14/397)
7. The amount of the saffe sa ': If Fitr is collected by wheat, then the person has to give' wheat 'wheat. And the amount of saffe sa 'is 60 taunt, which is 1 kg of 60 grams according to English size. That is, about two kg. (Fatwa Darul Uloom Deoband 6/304)
8. If the married little girl herself is wealthy, then Fitr will earn from her wealth. And if it is not wealthy then the boy will be obligatory on his father if he does not get up. And if it is taken, it will not be obligatory on anyone. (Fatawa Alamgiri, 1/182)
9. On the last day of Ramadan, the newborn who has come into the world or a person has embraced Islam, must also collect Sadakatul Fitr. (Fatwa Alamgiri, 1/192)
10. If anyone dies without paying his fats, he will be earned even if his heir is given by his heir. (Ruddul Muhtar, 1/106)

> Why is Sadakatul Fitr to collect
Fitra, donations and gift items for the helpless neighbors and relatives are also one of the means of getting the satisfaction of Allah. If the fasting is in any way, the fasting is a partial damage, defects; Its solution and liberation is to earn Sadakatul Fitr. Which is necessary for us. It is said that Sadakatul Fitr has been made for the Ummah for two reasons. One. To purify the Saum of Ramadan from the words and meaningless acts. Two. To provide food for the poor-Miskin. (Sunan Abi Dawood 1609)

> The benefits of collecting Sadakatul Fitr
Sadakatul Fitr's significance is immense. It creates the opportunity to share the joy of Eid among the rich and the poor A Muslim will rejoice in Eid and will not eat his neighbor, it will suffer that Islam is not desirable. Rather, it is the ideal of Islam to maintain good relations and heartfelt relationships among all, regardless of the rich and the poor.

After a long month of Saum, the opportunity to share the joy of Eid with the helpless poor people is created through this Sadakatul Fitr. On the other hand, the expiation of the error is made during the one -month saum through Sadakatul Fitr. It protects the sanctity of Ramadan.

> Who will give Sadakatul Fitr

It is obligatory for every Muslim to collect Sadakatul Fitr. The father and daughter of the minor will have to pay these ribbons. The description of the people on the people on whom it is obligatory to receive Fitr is mentioned in the Hadith Sharif. Hazrat Abdullah bin Omar. He said that every slave, Azad, male and female, adult, minor Muslim. Whether it is a palm or barley as a Sadakatul Fitr, he has determined to earn a 'sa' amount. Before leaving for Eid prayers, people ordered people to perform it. (Bukhari 1512)

Sadakatul Fitr's Nisab is the same as Zakat's Nisab. That is, if anyone exists during Subah Sadiq on the day of Eid al -Fitr, if it exists during the day of Subah Sadiq, if it comes to seven and a half gold or 52 -and -a -half. It is obligatory on whom it is obligatory to receive Fitr, as he will receive on his behalf, as well as his own subordinates. However, it is not a condition of crossing the year like Zakat. (Fatahul Qadir: 2/281)

Even on the last day of the holy Ramadan, the newborn who has come into the world or a person has embraced Islam, then he has to collect Sadakatul Fitr on his behalf. (Fatawa Alamgiri 1/192) Finally, I would like to say that every provision of Islam has a great purpose. In the same way, the welfare of both the supernatural and the supernatural lies in the collection of Sadakatul Fitr. It is much like a modern -day refining machine. By which the product is purified. May Allah Almighty give the Muslim Ummah the fasting of Ramadan and to all the wealthy people whose position the Fitra or Sadakatul Fitr. Donate the tawafik to get rid of the mistakes of the fast by collecting the ribbons. Amin.

The writer is a, columnist Founding Chairman, jatia rogi kallyan Society