Md Jahedul Islam

All energy systems of the world are undergoing transformation. Central to this energy transition are renewable energies such as solar, wind and hydropower.

Their increasing deployment is crucial to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, reducing air pollution and increasing energy production. The major advantage of renewable energy is that it is environmentally friendly. They do not increase carbon dioxide in the air. Wind and solar power are endless. As a result there is no chance of running out of renewable energy. Renewable energy is sometimes called green energy or clean energy. Renewable energy is the oxygen to protect Earth's climate.

Renewable energy is readily available in the nature. As the world's population grows so does the demand for energy to power our homes, businesses and towns.

The development and expansion of renewable energy sources is critical to maintaining sustainable levels of energy and protecting our planet from climate change. Energy is imperishable and neither created nor destroyed. Energy can only change from one form to another in one or more forms. The total amount of energy in the universe is fixed and unchanging. Two sources of energy. One is renewable energy and the other is non-renewable energy. Renewable energy is a source of energy that can be reused over a short period of time. As a result, the energy source is not depleted. The major advantage of renewable energy is that it is environmentally friendly. They do not increase carbon dioxide in the air. There is no chance of running out of renewable energy. On the other hand renewable energy cannot be generated using non-renewable energy sources. Using these resources expires after a certain period of time. This source of energy is recycled and cannot be reused. Currently one type of energy that is timely is renewable energy or energy. For this reason it is more important to give more importance to another issue in addition to the importance of new discoveries.

This important issue is how to renew and use the old. In today's modern world various researches are underway internationally to introduce sustainable power systems. This sustainable vehicle systems and energy efficient household products rich in green technology using renewable energy.

Renewable energy has now gained wide acceptance in the world. Most countries have been able to meet their renewable energy targets to meet their electricity and energy needs. Today solar energy is the most promising of the various renewable energy sources. Sunlight is one of our planet's most abundant and freely available sources of energy.

The amount of solar energy that reaches the Earth's surface in one hour is more than the total energy needs of the planet for an entire year. Just one square kilometer area receives about a thousand megawatts of energy as light and heat from the sun. Which is close to a nuclear power plant. At present in a familiar sight in the world is solar panels by installing them on the roof of the house.

There people generate their own electricity in their own homes. Various natural sources such as solar energy, wind current, tidal current, bioenergy, geothermal energy, ocean wave, ocean heat, tidal energy, urban waste, hydrogen fuel cell etc. are considered as renewable energy sources. Most of the studies are underway internationally to introduce sustainable power systems using renewable energy.

Their main plan to sustainable vehicle systems and energy efficient household products rich in green technology. People in places without conventional electricity supply depend on renewable energy. Using biomass and grain for cooking and solar energy and wind for drying clothes is a traditional way. Wind and solar power are endless.

Wind power is the converted energy obtained by harnessing the kinetic energy of the wind. Windmills are used to generate electricity, windmills for mechanical power, air pumps for raising or draining water, sails for moving ships etc. Large wind farms consist of hundreds of wind turbines that are connected to each other through a power transmission network. Biogas can be produced from human or animal excrement and decomposing waste through renewable bioenergy.

This biogas also has ample uses. This biogas is used for cooking or power generation. On the other hand another important source of renewable energy is geothermal energy. The interior of our Earth is hot. We feel it when it comes out of the volcano. It is considered as a renewable source of energy. Basically the water layer that is under the surface often comes in contact with this hot rock layer and under its own pressure. Then that water rises to the surface such a place is called a geothermal hotspot. Meanwhile e-waste has become a problem all over the world over the past few years.

The elements in e-waste include gold, silver, lead, cadmium, platinum, nickel, tin, zinc, sulphur, phosphorus and other elements, some of which are valuable and some of which are hazardous. Separating and processing these valuable materials is challenging. E-waste can become a profitable business if it can be properly processed. Electricity is generated by damming the river. As the river water does not run out then the power source of such power stations does not run out. Nowadays ocean waves are not just for surfing anymore. It is now a new source of 'clean energy' or environmentally friendly energy.

Research has found a way to convert ocean waves into electricity. By doing this everything from coastal cities to deep sea vehicles can be supplied with electricity. This will be possible without any harm to the environment. More recently research has found a way to harvest 'blue energy' from waves. In this case a special tube or tube has been envisioned through advanced technology which will be half submerged in water.

The tube tilts back and forth and strikes the surrounding water generating electricity. Plastic is a synthetic material made from broad organic polymers such as polyethylene. World-renowned shoe manufacturer Adidas has set a unique example of turning waste into resources by manufacturing shoes using plastic waste from the ocean. There is no substitute for plastic when it comes to making children's toys. The main reason for this is that plastic toys do not break easily and small toys are available at low prices. Plasticulture can be well integrated into mainframe systems within indigenously sustainable farming practices.

Of course for a product to be labeled as sustainable. It must be economically, socially and environmentally sustainable. In this way bioplastics make a positive contribution. The use and availability of bioplastics helps bring financial solvency back into our daily lives. On the other hand it also helps us to play a role as a renewable source of sustainable bioplastic production.

The depletion of fossil fuels and their increasing cost over the past few years has intensified the expansion of renewable fuels. Which is truly one of the ways to ensure energy security and reduce carbon-dioxide emissions. Moreover demand for some renewable energy products such as solar panels, solar panel components, charge controllers, inverters, LED lights, solar lamps and wind power plants has started to increase. Solar home system is a large and reliable system.

Rural houses are covered by this system. Encouraged by the success of solar home systems, users today have started several programs such as solar irrigation, solar mini/micro grids, solar parks, solar rooftops, solar boating, etc. One of the goals of renewable energy is to provide electricity in rural areas and reduce dependence on diesel. This will result in reduced carbon emissions and production costs.

Today with the touch of modern technology, water power, solar power using solar PV, wind power, wind speed, biogas using dung and poultry waste, rice bran and sugarcane husk, waste, power and energy production from unused heat of industrial processes, municipal waste Power projects huge potential is being created.

The writer is a Network Technician (ICT Cell) Jagannath University, Dhaka.