Dr. Muhammad Mahtab Hossain Mazed

today is friday The fifth day of the month of Muharram and the first Friday of the new Hijri year. 12 July 2024 English, 28 Ashad 1431 Bengali, 05 Muharram 1446 Hijri. The topic of today's Friday is the importance of the month of Muharram
Virtues, dos and don'ts

Dear readers! The Islamic Arabic calendar is associated with the virtuous memory of the Prophet's migration. So the Hijri year has been very important to Muslims for ages. By the great grace of Allah Ta'ala, we had the opportunity to finish the farewell Islamic Arabic year 1445 Hijri and enter the year 1446 Hijri. But at present it is limited only in keeping the account of Ramadan, Eid, Qurbani and Hajj. Most of our children don't know what the Hijri year is and what are the names of the Arabic months?

The Arabic months of the Hijri year are Muharram, Safar, Rabiul Awal, Rabi'us Sani, Jumadal Ula (Jamadiul Awal), Jumadal Ukhra (Jamadius Sani), Rajab, Sha'ban, Ramadan, Shawwal, Zilqad and Zilhaj.

Hijri year begins auspiciously with the event of Hijrah of Nabiji sallallahu alaihi wa sallam. The Islamic calendar and the Hijri calendar are unforgettable reminders of the historical significance of the Prophet's migration from Makkah to Madinah.

Muharram is the first month of Hijri year. It is one of the respected 4 months. There are 12 months in Allah's reckoning. Among these 12 months, there are 4 honorable haram months. The months in which Allah Almighty has declared all fighting and bloodshed to be haram. Muharram is one of them. It is the first month of the Hijri year. Which is recognized as the first month of the Hijri year at the suggestion of Hazrat Osman Radiyallahu Anhu. About this month, Allah Ta'ala says-'Surely, from the day the heavens and the earth were created, there are twelve months in Allah's decree and reckoning. Four of them are honorable. This is well established provision; So do not torture yourselves in the meantime. And fight the polytheists together, as they fight you together. And remember, Allah is with the righteous.' (Surah Tawbah: verse 36)

Which of the four forbidden months announced in the Koran? There is a clear description of this in the hadith-

Hazrat Abu Bakrah Radiyallahu Anhu narrates that Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said that there are three successive months - Zilqad, Zilhaj and Muharram. Another one is the month of Rajab. Jamadius is the month between the months of Sani and Shaban ie the month before the month before Ramadan. (Bukhari) Dear readers!

Muharram is the month of dignity. There are many narrations in the hadith about declaring the status and virtues of this month. Some of which are highlighted-

1The famous Companion Hazrat Abu Bakra Radiyallahu Anhu narrates from the Prophet sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam, he said, Allah Ta'ala created time in the shape it had on the day He created the heavens and the earth, it has returned to its own shape. And a year in twelve months. Among them, four months are highly respected. Three consecutive months. They are Dhul Qadah (Zilqad), Dhul Hijjah (Zilhaj) and Muharram and another is the month of Rajab of the Muzar community which is between Jumadal Ula and Shaban. (Bukhari and Muslim)

2. On the authority of Hazrat Abu Hurairah Radiyallahu Anhu, Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, 'The best fast after Ramadan is the fast of Allah's month of Muharram. And the best prayer after the obligatory prayer is the night prayer.' (Muslim)

3. On the authority of Hazrat Ayesha Radiyallahu Anhu, he said, "During the Jahili period, the Quraish used to fast on Ashura." Then Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam came to Madinah and the Ashuras himself fasted and ordered the Companions to fast as well. But when Ramadan fasting became obligatory, it was abandoned. Whose wish was granted and who was not granted his wish. (Bukhari)

4. On the authority of Hazrat Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, he said: After the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, came to Medina, he saw that the Jews there were fasting on the day of Ashura. He asked, what do you fast? They said, it is an auspicious day. On this day, Bani Israel was saved by Allah from their enemies. So Musa (peace be upon him) observed fast on this day. (So we also fast on this day following Musa Alaihis Salam). Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, 'I have more right to follow Musa than you. Then he fasted on this day and ordered the Companions to fast.' (Bukhari-Muslim)

5. On the authority of Hazrat Abu Musa Radiyallahu Anhu, he said, Jews used to consider the day of Ashura as Eid. Nabiji sallallahu alaihi wa sallam said, "So fast on this day." (Bukhari-Muslim)

6. On the authority of Hazrat Humaid bin Abdur Rahman, he said, I heard Muawiya Radiyallahu Anhu giving a speech on the pulpit on the day of Ashura in the year of Hajj. He is saying, O people of Medina, where are your scholars? I heard the Messenger of Allah, may God bless him and grant him peace, say, Today is the day of Ashura. Allah did not make it obligatory to fast on this day. But I am fasting. Therefore, one of you may fast or not. (Bukhari and Muslim)

7. On the authority of Hazrat Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, he said, "I have not seen the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, fast on any other day (except the month of Ramadhan) with such importance on this day of Ashura." (Bukhari)

8. Hazrat Ruba'i bint Mu'awwaz Radiyallahu Anha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may God's prayers and peace be upon him, sent people in the morning of the day of Ashura to announce to the Ansar in the neighborhood that the person who did not fast should fast the rest of the day and the person who fasted should complete the fast." . Rubai Radiyallahu Anha said, We used to fast ourselves and used to fast our children. And I used to make toys for them out of colored wool. If someone cried, I would give it to him so that he would fast until the time of Iftar.' (Bukhari and Muslim).

9. On the authority of Hazrat Salama Bin Aqwa Radiyallahu Anhu, he said, Nabiji Sallallahu Alaihi Wa Sallam assigned a person from the tribe of Aslam to announce that the one who has eaten should fast for the rest of the day and the one who has not eaten should also fast. Because today is the day of Ashura(Bukhari and Muslim)

10. Hazrat Abu Qatada Radiyallahu Anhu narrates from Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam and says, 'If you fast three days in every month and from one Ramadan to another Ramadan, you will get the reward of fasting for the whole year. If we fast on the day of Arafah, we hope that Allah will forgive us the sins of the previous year and the next year. And if we fast on the day of Ashura, we hope to Allah that He will atone for the sins of the previous year.' (Muslim)

11. Hazrat Abdullah Ibn Umar Radiyallahu Anhu narrates that the people of Jahili era used to fast on the day of Ashura. Before the fasting of Ramadan became obligatory, Rasulullah sallallahu alaihi wa sallam and Muslims used to fast on this day. Later, when the fasting of Ramadan became obligatory, the Messenger of Allah, may God bless him and grant him peace, said, The day of Ashura is one of the days of Allah. Whoever wishes can fast on this day and whoever wishes can skip fasting.' (Muslim)

12. On the authority of Hazrat Jabir Bin Samura Radiyallahu Anhu, he said, Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam used to order and encourage us to fast on the day of Ashura. He even inquired about fasting. After that, if the fasting of Ramadan was obligatory, he would not order it, nor forbid it, nor inquire about it.' (Muslim)

13. On the authority of Hazrat Ibn Abbas Radiyallahu Anhu, he said, When Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam fasted on the day of Ashura and ordered others to fast, the Companions said to Nabiji Sallallahu Alaihi Wa Sallam, O Messenger of Allah! Jews honor this day?! He said, "In Sha Allah, I will fast on nine dates next year." In another narration, (he said), "If I live in the future, I will fast on nine dates." (Muslim).

14. On the authority of Hazrat Ibn Abbas Radiyallahu Anhu, he said, Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, "Fast the day of Ashura, and in this case, oppose the Jews, fast the day before it or the day after it." (Musnad Ahmad, Ibn Khuzaymah)

Hazrat Imam Ahmad Ibn Hanbal Rahmatullahi Alaihi said, "If it is difficult to recognize the beginning of the month, fast for three days (nine, ten and eleven). So that the fast can be completed on the ninth and tenth days with certainty.

May Allah Ta'ala grant taufiq to the Muslim Ummah to show proper respect and dignity to the Hijri year. Grant tawfiq to fast in Muharram and fasting on Ashura. Amen.

The writer is a, young scholar and columnist and researcher Founder and Chairman, Jatiya Rogi Kallyan Society.