Raisa Mehzabeen

Ramadan is a sacred month of devotion, self-restraint, and spiritual reflection. However, for individuals with kidney disease, fasting can pose significant health risks if not managed properly. In Bangladesh, where kidney-related illnesses are increasing due to poor dietary habits and limited healthcare access, it is essential to educate kidney patients on safe fasting practices during this holy month.

Health Risks of Fasting for Kidney Patients

Fasting involves prolonged hours without food and water, which can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and toxin buildup in the blood—critical concerns for kidney patients. Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), kidney transplants, or those undergoing dialysis face heightened risks such as:

• Dehydration, which can strain kidney function.
• Fluid retention, leading to swelling and high blood pressure.
• Electrolyte imbalances, especially dangerous potassium levels that can affect heart function.
• Worsening kidney function, potentially accelerating disease progression.

Patients with advanced CKD or those on dialysis are particularly vulnerable and should only fast under strict medical supervision.

Islamic scholars emphasize that those with severe illnesses, including kidney disease, are religiously exempt from fasting. However, many patients continue to fast due to societal pressure or lack of awareness of the health risks. This underscores the need for greater awareness, medical guidance, and community support to ensure safe fasting practices.

Safe Dietary Practices During Ramadan

For kidney patients who are medically allowed to fast, careful meal planning is essential to minimize health risks. Here are some key dietary recommendations:

1. Prioritize Hydration

• Drink adequate water between Iftar and Suhoor to prevent dehydration.
• Avoid caffeinated beverages like tea and coffee, which promote fluid loss.

2. Manage Protein Intake

• Excessive protein can strain the kidneys.
• Consume moderate portions of chicken, fish, or eggs.
• Dialysis patients may need slightly more protein under medical supervision.

3. Control Sodium and Potassium Levels

• Avoid salty and processed foods to prevent water retention and high blood pressure.
• Limit high-potassium foods like bananas, oranges, potatoes, and tomatoes.
• Opt for lower-potassium alternatives such as apples, pears, and cauliflower.

4. Plan a Balanced Suhoor and Iftar

• Suhoor: Include complex carbohydrates like oats or whole wheat bread for sustained energy.
• Iftar: Start with a few dates and water, followed by a balanced meal with lean protein, vegetables, and healthy fats.

Raising Awareness and Providing Support

Many kidney patients, especially in rural areas, lack knowledge about safe fasting guidelines. Public health campaigns, religious guidance, and hospital-based diet plans are necessary to empower patients with the right information.

Healthcare providers, religious leaders, and the media should collaborate to:

• Educate kidney patients about fasting risks and alternatives.
• Offer special Ramadan diet counseling in hospitals and community clinics.
• Provide clear religious guidance on exemptions for high-risk patients.

Balancing Faith and Health

Fasting is a deeply spiritual practice, but health must remain a priority. Kidney patients should prioritize medical advice over social pressure and ensure they fast safely or seek religious exemptions when necessary.

By increasing awareness and offering expert guidance, we can help kidney patients observe Ramadan safely, preserving both their faith and their well-being.

 The writer is a, Founder & CEO Nutrition For Change