Dr Matiur Rahman

Generation Z, often called the digital natives, represents a demographic cohort born between the late 1990s and the early 2010s. As this generation begins to come of age, its influence on Bangladesh's political landscape is becoming increasingly apparent. The characteristics that define Generation Z, such as their deep connection to technology, global outlook, and desire for authenticity and transparency, are likely to shape the future of politics in the country in profound ways.

One of the most significant factors distinguishing Generation Z from previous generations is their unparalleled access to information. Growing up in the digital age, they have been exposed to a constant stream of news, social media content, and global events from a very young age. This exposure has fostered a sense of awareness and engagement with the world that was less common among earlier generations. As a result, Generation Z in Bangladesh is more informed about political issues, both domestic and international, and is more likely to engage in political discussions and activism.

The rise of social media has been a game-changer, empowering Generation Z to shape their political attitudes and behaviours. Platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have become important spaces for political discourse, enabling young people to express their views, share information, and organise movements. In Bangladesh, social media has mobilised youth around various causes, from protesting against corruption and human rights abuses to advocating for environmental sustainability. The ability to quickly disseminate information and rally support online has given Generation Z a powerful tool to influence political outcomes and hold leaders accountable, making them feel empowered and influential.

Another defining characteristic of Generation Z is their unwavering demand for authenticity and transparency. Growing up in a world where information is readily available, and public figures are constantly scrutinised, this generation has developed a solid aversion to hypocrisy and dishonesty. They are more likely to support genuine politicians who admit their mistakes and are transparent about their policies and actions. This strong desire for authenticity is a clear indication of the need for change and progress in Bangladesh's future political landscape, as leaders who fail to meet these expectations may struggle to gain the support of the younger electorate.

The global outlook of Generation Z is also shaping their political views and priorities. Unlike previous generations, who may have focused more on local or national issues, Generation Z is deeply aware of global challenges such as climate change, inequality, and human rights. This global perspective will likely influence their political preferences, leading them to support policies and leaders prioritising sustainable development, social justice, and international cooperation. In Bangladesh, this could translate into more significant support for environmental initiatives, human rights advocacy, and efforts to improve the country’s standing on the global stage.

Education is another area where Generation Z is likely to significantly impact Bangladesh's future politics. This generation is more educated than any previous one, with higher levels of literacy, access to information, and critical thinking skills. As a result, they are more likely to question the status quo, demand better governance, and advocate for systemic reforms. In a country like Bangladesh, where corruption, inequality, and poor governance have long plagued the political system, Generation Z's educated and informed voices could catalyse change.

However, the political engagement of Generation Z in Bangladesh is not without its challenges. Despite their awareness and activism, many young people feel disillusioned with the current political system. They are often frustrated by the lack of opportunities for meaningful participation, the dominance of traditional political elites, and the pervasive culture of corruption. This disillusionment can lead to apathy and disengagement, with some young people withdrawing from the political process altogether. Addressing this challenge will be crucial for ensuring that the energy and potential of Generation Z are harnessed for positive political change.

Bangladesh's future politics will also be shaped by the economic aspirations of Generation Z. This generation is entering adulthood at a time of significant economic transformation, with the country experiencing rapid growth and development. However, they also face considerable challenges, such as high levels of youth unemployment, income inequality, and the uncertain impact of automation and technological change on the job market. These economic realities will likely influence their political priorities, leading them to support policies promoting job creation, economic inclusivity, and social protection.

Generation Z will likely leave a lasting impact on the intersection of technology and politics. As digital natives, they are not only adept at using technology for communication and activism, but they are also interested in the potential of technology to improve governance. This generation will likely advocate for using technology to enhance government processes' transparency, accountability, and efficiency. Initiatives such as e-governance, digital voting systems, and online platforms for citizen engagement could become central to the political agenda as Generation Z takes on more prominent roles in society.

In addition to their characteristics, the collective identity of Generation Z as a diverse and inclusive generation is likely to influence their approach to politics. This generation values diversity in all its forms, including gender, ethnicity, religion, and sexual orientation. They are more likely to support policies and leaders who promote inclusivity and equality and stand against discrimination and injustice. In Bangladesh, this could lead to increased advocacy for the rights of marginalised groups, more excellent representation of women and minorities in politics, and a push for more inclusive policies at all levels of government.

Their relationship with previous generations will also shape Generation Z's role in Bangladesh's future politics. While they will likely bring fresh perspectives and new ideas to the political arena, they must also navigate the challenges of working within a political system dominated by older generations. This generational dynamic could lead to tensions, particularly if the younger generation feels their voices are not being heard or their concerns are not being addressed. However, it could also lead to opportunities for intergenerational collaboration as different generations come together to address the country's complex challenges.

In conclusion, Generation Z is poised to play a significant role in shaping Bangladesh's future politics. Their unique characteristics, including their digital literacy, global outlook, demand for authenticity, and commitment to inclusivity, will likely influence political discourse, policies, and leadership in the coming years.

However, realising this generation's full potential will require addressing the challenges of political disillusionment, economic uncertainty, and generational tensions. By engaging with and empowering Generation Z, Bangladesh can ensure that its future politics are shaped by a generation that is informed, engaged, and committed to building a better future for all.

The writer is a researcher and development worker.