Dr. Muhammad Mahtab Hossain Mazed

One of the main milestones of the independence movement of the Bengali nation is the historic People's Uprising Day 2024 today ( Wednesday).

This mass uprising took place in the context of the famous 6-point program of the nation's liberation charter and later the 11-point program given by the student society on behalf of the oppressed people.

The attention of the present government to build a developed, prosperous and peace-loving modern Bangladesh by rebuilding the Bangladesh of the father of the nation Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's dream is unforgettable. And the 1969 mass uprising is a significant chapter in the history of Bangladesh. We achieved great freedom through the armed liberation war following the fifty-two language movement, the 6 points of the Bengali Liberation Charter, later the 11 points and the mass upheaval of 1969. I got the independent-sovereign state of Bangladesh.

After the self-sacrifice of Shahid Asad, the hero of the historic January 20, 1969 mass coup, this unprecedented mass coup was created on January 24 with the spontaneous participation of people from all walks of life in Dhaka through mourning on January 21, 22 and 23. The Bengali nation achieved great freedom through the armed liberation war on the path of this mass uprising.

On this day in 1979, Kishore Matiur and Rustam, students of Class IX of Navkumar Institute, were martyred on the street in front of the Secretariat in Dhaka. In protest, the struggling crowd broke the wall of the Secretariat and set it on fire that day. Angry people set fire to houses of Ayub-Monaem clique brokers, ministers, MPs and the then dailies Pakistan and Pakistan Observer, known as their mouthpieces. People changed the name of Ayub Gate to Asad Gate. Various social, cultural and political organizations have taken elaborate programs on the occasion of the day.

Dr. Mahtab Hossain Majed, Chairman of National Patient Welfare Society, remembers the martyrs of the mass uprising with deep respect.
He made a statement paying deep respect to the memory of the martyrs of the historic mass uprising.

The leader said that on this day in 1969, the mass uprising took place as a result of the mass movement based on the historic 6 points and later on the 11 points. On this day, Rustam, Matiur and many other unknown names were martyred by the forces launched by the despotic Ayub-Monaim government. The release of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib, the withdrawal of the Agartala conspiracy case and various demands were observed across the country. The people spontaneously took to the streets and brought down the dictatorial government. The then dictatorial government fell through this popular uprising. Today, we pay our respects to all the martyrs who were martyred in this mass uprising.

The uprising made the people of Bengal brave and self-conscious. As a result of the Agartala conspiracy case, the people of East Pakistan got angry and protested against Ayub. In Pakistan there were mass uprisings to protest against the injustice, exploitation and oppression of the government.

> Causes of 1969 Coup:

The people of Bengal became aggressors to free the accused in the Agartala conspiracy case. Following are the reasons for the popular uprising of 1969:

1. Six point movement:

In 1956 Bangabandhu raised six point demands in Lahore. The six-point movement was the liberation charter of Bengalis. This program is widely supported by the people. Pakistani government is afraid of popular support. The six-point movement gave courage to Bengalis.

2. Agartala Conspiracy Case:

Public support for the six-point demand and Sheikh Mujibur's popularity increased manifold. The Pakistani authorities filed a case against Sheikh Mujibur and 34 others. This made the people of East Pakistan angry. Continue movement after movement. A mass movement was formed. In 1969 there was a mass uprising against the Agartala Conspiracy Case.

3. Build courage:

The people of East Pakistan gave six point demands and support to Bangabandhu, formed a strong movement on the call of Bangabandhu. People from all walks of life in East Pakistan joined this movement.

Movement against the Pakistani rulers. As a result of this movement, the people of East Pakistan formed a coalition.

4. Breakup of National Awami Party:

One of the reasons for the popular uprising was the breakup of the National Awami Party. Maulana Bhasani was the leader of one party and Wali Khan of West Pakistan was the leader of the other party.

East Pakistan Wali Party leader Professor Mozaffar Ahmad supported the six-point demand. On the other hand Maulana Bhasani Panthis opposed it. As a result, six points became more popular.

5. Anti-Ayub movement:

The people of East Pakistan were fed up with the oppression of the Ayub regime. Anti-Ayub movement intensified in East Pakistan. After the Agartala case of 1968, the anti-Ayub movement spread all over East Pakistan.

6. Student movement:

The student movement in 1969 was one of the reasons for the popular uprising. The students raised 11-point demands in the East Pakistan People's Rights Movement. As a result of raising 11-point demands, the anti-Pakistani movement became stronger. Everyone participated in the 11-point demand movement.

7. Death of student leader:

On January 20, 1969, Dhaka University student leader Asaduzzaman was shot dead by the police. After the death of the student leader, the Pakistani movement intensified.

The whole people formed a struggle movement against the ruler of West Pakistan. The hartal struck by 'Dak' against the dictatorial Ayub regime took place on 17th January.

8. Zahrul Haque and Dr. Death of Samsujjoha:

On 15 February 1969, Jahrul Haque, the accused in the Agartala case, was shot dead. On the other hand, on February 17, 1969, the teacher of the Chemistry Department of Rajshahi University Dr. Samsujjoha was shot dead by the police. After these two incidents, the mass uprising reached its peak.

A popular uprising took place to demand the rights of the people of East Pakistan. In 1952, the anti-Pakistani sentiments that had been created among the people of East Pakistan had their final manifestation through the mass uprising.

The people of East Pakistan united and protested for the release of their beloved leader Sheikh Mujibur. As a result of this movement, Bangabandhu was released.

Results of the 1969 People's Coup
Bengalis are a nation of heroes. Never bowed to injustice, tyranny and exploitation. He fought like a hero and protested injustice. The popular uprising in 1969 was a movement for the rights of the people of East Pakistan.

In the face of violent agitation in 1969, the Pakistani government released the accused in the Agartala case. Bangabandhu's popularity spread all over Bangladesh. As a result of this movement, the Ayub government fell.

> Results of 1969 People's Coup:

The results of the popular uprising of 1969 were far-reaching. The people of East Pakistan woke up against the Western ruling class. Following are the results of the 1969 People's Coup:

1. Agartala Conspiracy Case Ended:
The Agartala Conspiracy ended with the 1969 mass uprising. The Pakistani government was scared in the face of mass protests.

People from all walks of life in East Pakistan supported the 1969 uprising. Finally, on February 22, 1969, all the accused in the Agartala conspiracy case were released unconditionally.

2. Increase in popularity of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman:
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's popularity increased after the popular uprising of 1969. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Rahman became known as a leader of people from all walks of life. After Bangabandhu's release, on February 23, 1969, Bangabandhu gave Sheikh Mujibur Rahman the title of 'Bangabandhu' in a mass reception at the Race Course Maidan.

3. Call for round table meeting:

After the popular uprising of 1969, President Ayub Khan called a round table meeting to discuss with all political parties. In this meeting, the Bengali Emancipation Charter was canceled when the six-point demand was raised. The League left the meeting.

4. Deterioration of law and order situation:
After the popular uprising of 1969, the law and order situation in the country deteriorated. There is a tense atmosphere throughout the country. The people of East Pakistan marched and protested in violation of the law. The police opened fire on the procession.

5. End of Ayub's government:
In the face of severe agitation, Ayub Khan removed Governor Monayem Khan to calm the situation in East Pakistan. S. Appointed N Huda as Governor. After the fall of Ayub Khan, the army chief General Agha Mohammad Yahya assumed power.

6. Election of 1970:

Pakistan government held general elections under great pressure. In the general election of 1970, Awami League won 167 seats out of 169 seats in the National Assembly. 298 out of 310 seats in the provincial assembly. Awami League won majority in this election

7. Revival of Nationalism:

The renaissance of Bengali nationalism took place through the popular uprising of 1969. Bengalis became aware of their rights. Bengalis have the courage to stand united against injustice, tyranny and exploitation.

8. Preparation of freedom struggle:

As a result of the popular uprising of 1969, the Bengali nation prepared for the war of independence. As a result, Bangladesh became independent in 1971 in exchange of three million fresh lives in the war of independence.

Bengalis regain their heritage. Can stand tall in the court of the world. Bangladesh won on 16 December 1971.

Conclusion: Finally it can be said that the significance of 1969 is immense. Through this movement, the Bengali nation formed a mass movement against the Pakistanis.

People from all walks of life including students, masses, workers united for the release of all imprisoned leaders including Bangabandhu. With the fresh blood of the chest, the Bengali brought the red sun of freedom. Bengalis emerged as an independent nation in the world court.

The writer is a columnist & researcher Founder and Chairman, National Patients' Welfare Society