S. M. M Musabbir Uddin

Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. We know that Dhaka is the most fast growing city in Bangladesh. There are different types of profession people live here. Around 2 billion people live in Bangladesh but 2 billion people live in Dhaka. There are many pollution in Dhaka City. Such as: Water Pollution, Air Pollution, Sound Pollution etc. People live in polluted environment.

Air Pollution:

Air pollution is a mixture of solid particles and gases in the air. Car emissions, chemicals from factories, dust, pollen and mold spores may be suspended as particles. Ozone, a gas, is a major part of air pollution in cities. When ozone forms air pollution, it's also called smog. Some air pollutants are poisonous. According to daily Star, Dhaka is the most air polluted city in the world. In Dhaka City, There are many cars, trucks and other vehicles. 30% polluted air comes from vehicles smokes. Most of the vehicles do not use natural gas instead people use diesel and other oils. Those things are helping to polluted air.

Most polluted air comes from different types of factories. There are poisonous gas comes from those factories. Dhaka living people are depriving from natural air. How can they survive?

Water Pollution:

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, usually as a result of human activities. Water bodies include for example lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater. Water pollution results when contaminants are introduced into the natural environment. Water pollution can be grouped into surface water pollution. Marine pollution and nutrient pollution are subsets of water pollution. Sources of water pollution are either point sources and non-point sources. Point sources have one identifiable cause of the pollution, such as a storm drain, wastewater treatment plant or stream. Non-point sources are more diffuse, such as agricultural runoff. Pollution is the result of the cumulative effect over time. All plants and organisms living in or being exposed to polluted water bodies can be impacted. There are three rivers flowing in Dhaka City. Those are Buriganga, Thurag, Shitalakshy. Those rivers situation is very bad. In those rivers, there are many industrial waste, human waste, launch waste etc.

Now, Those Rivers are useless. The authorities are trying to get of water pollution. But the people didn’t understand about the effect of water pollution.

Sound/Noise Pollution:

Noise pollution, also known as environmental noise or sound pollution, is the propagation of noise with harmful impact on the activity of human or animal life. The source of outdoor noise worldwide is mainly caused by machines, transport, and propagation systems. We know that Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh Dhaka is more populated city than most of the city in Bangladesh.

The major sources of noise pollution in urban areas are traffic and loud horns. The DoE found that in Dhaka, 500-1,000 vehicles honk at the same time when stuck in traffic. Other causes of noise pollution include loud music during social, political, and religious programs, construction work, and factory noise. Dhaka is the noisy city. In these noisy city, how can people live here. According to the WHO, around 5% of the world population is facing several kinds of health hazards due to complexities related to noise pollution. Around 11.7% of the population in Bangladesh have lost their hearing due to noise pollution, says the DoE study, which was conducted in 2017. So, It is hardly find peace in Dhaka City.

Plastic Pollution:

Plastic pollution is the accumulation of plastic objects and particles (e.g. plastic bottles, bags and microbeads) in the Earth's environment that adversely affects wildlife, wildlife habitat, and humans. Plastics that act as pollutants are categorized into micro-, mesa-, or macro debris, based on size.
In Dhaka City, About 14 million plastic used in every day. And this plastic is long lasting about 200 years. These plastic can difficulty in environment. If the plastic will be in field. Then it can be obstacles of plant growth. In water, It could be responsible for the death of water living animal. Plastic is dangerous for our human life and environment. The Dhaka City rivers are being polluted because of plastics.

Prevention of environment pollution:

Pollution prevention approaches can be applied to all potential and actual pollution-generating activities, including those found in the energy, agriculture, federal, consumer and industrial sectors. Prevention practices are essential for preserving wetlands, groundwater sources and other critical ecosystems - areas in which we especially want to stop pollution before it begins.
In the energy sector, pollution prevention can reduce environmental damages from extraction, processing, transport and combustion of fuels. Pollution prevention approaches include:
• increasing efficiency in energy use;
• use of environmentally benign fuel sources.
In the agricultural sector, pollution prevention approaches include:
• Reducing the use of water and chemical inputs;
• Adoption of less environmentally harmful pesticides or cultivation of crop strains with natural resistance to pests; and
• Protection of sensitive areas.
In the industrial sector, examples of P2 practices include:
• Modifying a production process to produce less waste
• Using non-toxic or less toxic chemicals as cleaners, degreasers and other maintenance chemicals
• Implementing water and energy conservation practices
• Reusing materials such as drums and pallets rather than disposing of them as waste
In homes and schools examples of P2 practices include:
• Using reusable water bottles instead of throw-away
• Automatically turning off lights when not in use
• Repairing leaky faucets and hoses
• Switching to "green" cleaners

In conclusion if we do this prevention maybe Dhaka will free from pollution about 40%. The Government are trying to protected from pollution. They are actualization of SDG's Program. It is responsible for the Living people of Dhaka City to clean our environment neatly.

The writer is a Student Universal Medical College