Pragya Das

For a healthy life, humans need a pollution-free environment. One of the most crucial components of the environment is sound, but when it becomes polluted, it disrupts the natural life of both humans and all living beings. Today, noise pollution has become a persistent issue, posing a serious threat to the environment. Noise pollution refers to the presence of excessive or disruptive sounds that exceed the hearing threshold of living beings, thereby affecting the environment and normal human life. The sources of such excessive noise include vehicle horns on the streets, mechanical sounds from factories, live concerts, construction noise, loudspeakers, and various other sources.

In Bangladesh, the use of loudspeakers has become extremely common. Over the years, their usage has increased significantly, contributing to severe noise pollution during political gatherings, weddings, religious events, various meetings, and fairs. Additionally, factories with large machinery generate excessive noise. Power outages lead to the operation of generators, which further contribute to noise pollution.

At times, the intensity of this noise surpasses human tolerance. Normal human conversations typically range between 60 to 70 decibels. Exposure to sounds beyond this range for prolonged periods can be harmful. Generally, humans can tolerate sounds up to 120–130 decibels. However, noise pollution occurs when excessive sound levels exceed this threshold. The unnecessary and intense noise from various sources surpasses human endurance, causing irritation and discomfort. Studies have shown that in certain areas of Dhaka city, noise levels exceed 129 decibels, which is directly painful to the ears. This level of noise pollution has significant negative effects on human health.

Since the human ear is highly sensitive to sound, exposure to excessive noise causes strong vibrations in the eardrum, potentially damaging it permanently. Along with hearing loss, excessive noise impacts human health and productivity. People exposed to persistent loud sounds often struggle to perform tasks as efficiently as before. Over time, their physical and mental well-being deteriorates. The harmful effects of noise pollution are particularly severe for children, as prolonged exposure can lead to hearing problems in old age.

Excessive noise pollution can lead to cardiovascular disorders, high blood pressure, tinnitus, hearing impairment, anxiety, depression, aggression, and various other health issues. Many individuals experience headaches, nausea, and insomnia due to excessive noise, which lowers their overall quality of life. Pregnant women, children, and the elderly are the most vulnerable to noise pollution. Increased stress levels in pregnant women due to noise pollution can negatively affect the unborn child. Furthermore, studies suggest that excessive noise is linked to accelerated cognitive decline. It also poses a significant threat to birds, butterflies, and other insects, disturbing the ecological balance and causing immense harm to biodiversity.

To control noise pollution, the use of hydraulic horns in vehicles must be banned, and noise from various sources must be regulated. Raising public awareness and ensuring coordinated efforts between government and private organizations can effectively manage noise pollution. Additionally, adopting advanced technology for noise control in construction and industrial sectors and enforcing strict noise pollution laws are essential.

There are numerous ways to protect our green planet. What we need now is collective effort. Let’s work together to create a livable world for future generations. As responsible citizens of Bangladesh, it is our duty to act.

The writer is a, Student Department of Economics Eden Mohila College